Papian language

Papian;
	;
Regulated by	Academie den Lingui
Spoken in	Koss
Total speakers	Unknown
Family	Indo-European Italic Romance Western Gallo-Romance Papian; ; ; ; ;
Type	Artlang

Papian or Paupian (Lingui Papianie; Portuguese: Lingua Paupiana) is is a Gallo-Romance language spoken in Koss. Papian is closely related to the Romance languages: French and Franco-Provençal, although it is also lightly influenced by the Luxembourgish, Austro-Bavarian and Nordic languages.

Today, the largest number of Papian speakers reside in the Koss, a south american micronation. The language is protected by the Federal Language Act of 2013 and thus enjoys official status in the State.

History

The Papian language is a variety of Latin with light influences from Germanic languages. The linguistic region comprimises of the area of the Greater Crasager. These influences may be observed when looking at articles, where in Papian there is no difference between gender. Papian is closely related to Franco-Provençal language and French language

Classification

The ascription of Papian to the Occitano-Romance branch of Gallo-Romance languages is not shared by all.

According to Lucas Campos, President of the Academie, Papian is classified the same way as Franco-Provençal and Catalan languages:

Indo-European languages
- Italic languages
  - Romance languages
    - Italo-Western languages
      - Western Romance languages
        Gallo-Iberian languages
        Gallo-Romance languages
        Papian language

On the other side, some say Papian follows the same family tree as Portuguese and Spanish:

Indo-European languages
- Italic languages
  - Romance languages
    - Italo-Western languages
      - Western Romance languages
        Gallo-Iberian languages
        Ibero-Romance languages
        West-Iberian languages
        Papian language

Linguistic structure

Typology and syntax

Papian is a synthetic language, as are Occitan and Italian. Most verbs have different endings for person, number, and tenses, making the use of the pronoun optional; thus, two grammatical functions are bound together. However, the second person singular verb form regularly requires an appropriate pronoun for distinction.
The standard word order for Papian is subject–verb–object (SVO) form in a declarative sentence, for example: Ti parlis Anglais. (You speak English.).

Morphology

Papian has a grammar similar to that of other Romance languages.

Articles have three forms: definite, indefinite, and partitive. Plural definite articles agree in gender with the noun to which they refer, unlike French. Partitive articles are used with w:mass nouns.

Articles:	Masculine Definite	Feminine Definite	Masculine Indefinite	Feminine Indefinite
Singular	de	da	un	una
Plural	des	das	uns	unas

Word comparisons

The chart below compares words in Papian to those in selected Romance languages, with English for reference.

Papian	Latin	Franco-Provençal	French	Occitan	Catalan	Piedmontese	Italian	Portuguese	English
cleve	clavis	clâ	clef / clé	clau	clau	ciav	chiave	chave	key
chanter	cantare	chantar	chanter	cantar / chantar	cantar	cantè	cantare	cantar	to sing
chabra	capra	cabra / chèvra	chèvre	cabra / chabra	cabra	crava	capra	cabra	goat
formajo	caseus (formaticus)	tôma / fromâjo	fromage	formatge	formatge	formag/toma/formaj	formaggio	queijo	cheese
marti	dies Martis	demârs / demonre	mardi	dimars	dimarts	màrtes	martedì	terça-feira	Tuesday
isglejia	ecclesia	églésé	église	glèisa	església	gesia/cesa	chiesa	igreja	church
germano	fratrem germanum	frâre	frère	fraire	germà	fradel/frel	fratello	irmão	brother
ospital	hospitalis	hèpetâl	hôpital	espital / espitau	hospital	ospidal	ospedale	hospital	hospital
lingui	lingua	lenga	langue	lenga / lengua	llengua	lenga	lingua	lingua	language
ma esquetra	manum sinistram	man gôcho	main gauche	man esquèrra / man senèstra	mà esquerra	man snistra	mano sinistra	mão esquerda	left hand
rien	nihil	ren	rien	ren / res	res	nen	niente / nulla	nada	nothing
nuit	nox, noctis	nuet	nuit	nuèch / nuèit	nit	neuit	notte	noite	night
pagar	pacare	payér	payer	pagar / paiar	pagar	paghè	pagare	pagar	to pay
sudar	sudor	suar	sueur	susar / suar	suor	sudé/strassué	sudore	suar	sweat
vidi	vita	via	vie	vida	vida	vita/via	vita	vida	life

Common Words and Phrases

Hello (formal): Ola
Hi (informal): Oi
Greetings: Bienevienu
Good Morning: Biene Die
Good Night: Biene Nuit
Goodbye: Adio
Yes: Sæ
No: No or Non
Please: plæri
Thank you: merci
How are you: Come estes ti?
Well: Biene
Bad Male
How: Come?
What/ Which: qi/quel"
Where: onde/aonde?
Why: pereque?
Who: quen?
Because: perque
With: con
And: e
But: piro

Grammar

Pronouns

	Nominative (I)	Accusative (me)	Posessive (my/mine)
I	Ji	Me	Men
You	Ti	Tun	Teu
He	Eli	El	Seu
She	Ela	El	Sua
We	Nøs	Nøs	Nøstre
They	Elos/Elas	Els	Seus