Semi-presidential system

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Semi-presidential macronational governments in yellow.

The Semi-presidential system (also known as the presidential-parliamentary system, or premier-presidential system), is a system of government in which a president and a prime minister are both active participants in the day-to-day administration of the state. The term was first coined by Maurice Duverger. It differs from a parliamentary system in that it has a popularly elected head of state who is more than a purely ceremonial figurehead, and from the presidential system in that the cabinet, although named by the president, is responsible to the legislature, which may force the cabinet to resign through a motion of no confidence.

Examples of macronations

• Algeria
• Azerbaijan
• Burkina Faso
• Cabo Verde
• Central African Republic
• Democratic Republic of the Congo
• East Timor
• Egypt
• France
• Georgia
• Guinea-Bissau
• Haiti
• Lithuania
• Madagascar
• Mali
• Mongolia
• Mozambique
• Namibia
• Niger
• Palestine
• Poland
• Portugal
• Congo, Republic of the
• Romania
• Russia
• Taiwan
• São Tomé and Príncipe
• Sri Lanka
• Tunisia
• Ukraine

Examples of micronations

• Cascadian Republic
• Union of Nova-Occitania
• Republic of Wendatia
• Republic of Aswington
• Ecologist Republic of Bartonia
• Republic of Anpan
• Republic of Połiak
• Seprana

Defunct micronations

• Popular Union of Occitania
• First Republic of Pinang
• Democratic People's Republic of Czea
• Delphian Union
• Federal Republic of Montania
• Federal Republic of Los Bay Petros