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Cheston

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Cheston
Colony
Coat of arms
CountryEmpire of Pacifico
SettledEarly 13th Century (1226)
Established28 June 2024
Area
 • Total0.0334 km2 (0.0129 sq mi)
Population
 (2024)
 • Total0
A section of the Pacifico-United Kingdom border in the Western half of Cheston.

Cheston, (Spanish: Cheston) is one of the seven colonies of the Empire of Pacifico. Bordered by The Imperial Road, Cheston is the fifth colony by size at 0.0334 km².[1] It has an elevation of 10-14 meters.[2][3][4][5][6]

Cheston is situated around the centre of Pacifico, founded during June 2024, alongside the same time period as some other Pacifican colonies. It was originally named "New Parkia". However, after a couple of weeks, it was decided by the Emperor that to satisfy people who wanted the colony to have a distinct identity from Parkia, it would be renamed to "Cheston". The economy of the colony is not diversified, depending entirely on the service sector.

Etymology

New Parkia

The word "new" originates from the Old English word "nīwe" (alternatively "niowe"), meaning "recently made or discovered, novel, fresh".[7] It can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word "neuwaz", which carried the same meaning.[8] This Proto-Germanic form evolved into various cognates in other Germanic languages, such as "niuwi" in Old Saxon and Old High German (modern German "neu"), and "nýr" in Old Norse (modern Scandinavian "ny").[9]

The root of the word goes further back to the Proto-Indo-European "newos", meaning "new" or "young".[10] This root is the origin of similar terms in many Indo-European languages, such as Latin "novus" (from which English derives words like "novel" and "innovation"), Greek "neos" (as seen in words like "neonatal" and "neoclassical"), and Sanskrit "návas".[11]

The word "Parkia" is derived from the word "park". The term "park" in English derives from the Old French word parc, which referred to an enclosed area, often used by the nobility for hunting purposes, typically to keep game animals such as deer. This usage was common in medieval Europe, particularly in royal estates.[12]

The Old French word itself comes from Medieval Latin parricus or parcus, meaning an enclosure or pen. This term likely originated from the Frankish word parruk, meaning a fenced-in area or enclosure for animals.[13] Frankish is a Germanic language that heavily influenced the development of Old French.

In Middle English, the word park appeared around the 13th century, retaining the meaning of a large enclosed area, often associated with royal hunting grounds.[14] By the 19th century, its meaning had broadened to include urban recreational areas, particularly large green spaces open to the public.[15]

In modern English, "park" is also used in the context of vehicle parking, originating in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with the rise of automobiles.[16]

The Emperor named it "New Parkia" as it was the Empire of Pacifico's second colony.

Cheston

The word "cheston" is derived from the Middle English term "chest", which itself comes from the Old English "cyst" or "cēost," meaning a box or container. This Old English term is related to the Proto-Germanic *"keustaz," which also signifies a box or receptacle.[17]

Further tracing its lineage, the Proto-Germanic form connects to the Proto-Indo-European root "*gʰeu̯s-", which means "to pour" or "to flow," suggesting a connection to the act of holding or containing liquids.[18]

The modern form "cheston" may reflect a dialectal variation or regional adaptation within English, emerging from historical linguistic changes that affected the pronunciation and usage of related terms.[19]

History

Gloucester

Glevum, now Gloucester, was established by the Romans around AD 48 near the River Severn and Fosse Way. Initially, a Roman fort was set up, followed by a larger legionary fortress 20 years later. The Legion XX Valeria Victrix and later Legion II Augusta[20] were stationed there, with the latter playing a role in the invasion of Wales. Glevum became a Roman colonia in AD 97[21], thriving with new buildings, bathhouses, and mosaics. At its peak, Glevum had around 10,000 inhabitants, and the surrounding area became heavily Romanized with numerous villas.

By the end of the third century, the city's walls were reinforced, and the remnants of this Roman past can still be seen today in various sites like Gloucester’s East Gate and City Museum.

After the Romans left around AD 410, local tribes, like the Dobunni, regained influence. Gloucester later became part of Wessex and the Hwicce sub-kingdom. It became a Mercian territory and eventually joined Wessex in the late 9th century.

In the early Middle Ages, Gloucester grew in importance, with St. Peter's Abbey being founded in AD 681, which later became Gloucester Cathedral. The town flourished as a borough with a castle, mint, and religious shrines, such as one to St. Oswald.[22] By the 12th century, Gloucester's burgesses enjoyed privileges similar to those in London, and it became a hub for wool export, fishing, and craftsmanship. In 1216, King Henry III, aged only ten years, was crowned with a gilded iron ring in the Chapter House of Gloucester Cathedral.[23]

The city also played a pivotal role during the Anarchy and was home to influential figures like Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester. It hosted multiple medieval parliaments under Richard II and Henry IV.

Empire of Pacifico

On 28 June 2024, the Empire of Pacifico formally extended its territorial ambitions by laying claim to the entire region that would later become known as the colony of Cheston. Before this, Cheston was a micronation nullius.[a] Initially, this newly acquired territory was designated as "New Parkia," a name reflecting its connection to the Empire’s earlier territorial acquisition of Parkia. The name New Parkia was used in official documents and by government authorities during the first month of the colony's existence.

However, within a few weeks, there emerged a movement within both the colonial administration and certain influential circles in the Empire advocating for a rebranding of the territory. The rationale behind this push for a new name was to create a distinct identity for the colony, separate from Parkia, to emphasize its own strategic importance and unique characteristics. This movement garnered significant support, and within approximately one month of the initial claim, formal efforts were initiated to rename the colony to Cheston. The proposal to adopt the new name gained momentum, and by the end of this campaign, the movement succeeded. Thus, the colony was officially renamed to Cheston.

Geography

Climate

Main article: Climate of Pacifico

Cheston is characterized by a temperate maritime climate, classified as Cfb according to the Köppen system.[24] This climate type is marked by moderate conditions, with winters that are generally mild and wet, and summers that are warm but not excessively hot. Throughout the year, temperatures typically remain below 22°C, influenced by westerly winds and the moderating effects of the North Atlantic Drift.

The average annual temperature across Cheston is recorded at 10.85°C. During the summer months, the temperature generally ranges between 18°C and 23°C. In contrast, the winter months see temperatures ranging from 2°C to 8°C. Frost is a relatively rare occurrence, happening on approximately 35.5 days each year, reflecting the overall mildness of the winter season.

In terms of precipitation, Cheston receives an average of 616.2 millimeters of rainfall annually. The region experiences higher humidity levels during the winter months, contributing to the frequent damp conditions typical of the season. Despite the relatively high levels of rainfall, Pacifico averages about 1,500 hours of sunlight each year, balancing the wet conditions with periods of sunshine.

The geography of Cheston contributes to notable climatic variations within the country. Coastal regions typically experience milder temperatures and higher humidity levels compared to the inland areas, where the climate can be slightly more variable. Inland regions, particularly those with higher elevations, tend to have cooler winter temperatures and receive more precipitation. These variations underscore the influence of both geographical location and topographical features on the overall climate of Cheston.

Climate data for Cheston
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 13
(55) 		17
(63) 		19
(66) 		24
(75) 		26
(79) 		29
(84) 		30
(86) 		31
(88) 		26
(79) 		25
(77) 		17
(63) 		14
(57) 		31
(88)
Average high °C (°F) 6.46
(43.63) 		7.42
(45.36) 		9.94
(49.89) 		12.99
(55.38) 		15.55
(59.99) 		18.24
(64.83) 		20.7
(69.3) 		19.94
(67.89) 		17.83
(64.09) 		13.99
(57.18) 		9.62
(49.32) 		7.41
(45.34) 		13.34
(56.01)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.42
(39.96) 		5.05
(41.09) 		7.05
(44.69) 		10.03
(50.05) 		13.05
(55.49) 		15.87
(60.57) 		18.07
(64.53) 		17.25
(63.05) 		14.83
(58.69) 		11.46
(52.63) 		7.52
(45.54) 		5.58
(42.04) 		10.848
(51.527)
Average low °C (°F) 1.55
(34.79) 		1.73
(35.11) 		2.24
(36.03) 		3.93
(39.07) 		6.49
(43.68) 		6.49
(43.68) 		11.7
(53.1) 		11.88
(53.38) 		9.71
(49.48) 		7.71
(45.88) 		4.57
(40.23) 		2.87
(37.17) 		6.15
(43.07)
Record low °C (°F) -10
(14) 		-7
(19) 		-7
(19) 		-5
(23) 		-3
(27) 		1
(34) 		6
(43) 		0
(32) 		2
(36) 		-1
(30) 		-6
(21) 		-9
(16) 		−10
(14)
Average Precipitation mm (inches) 59.16
(2.3291) 		58.32
(2.2961) 		48.66
(1.9157) 		48.41
(1.9059) 		62.82
(2.4732) 		72.84
(2.8677) 		54.62
(2.1504) 		74.77
(2.9437) 		45.56
(1.7937) 		71.82
(2.8276) 		73.0
(2.874) 		69.49
(2.7358) 		61.62
(2.426)
Average relative humidity (%) 89.63 86.5 84.15 83.23 83.39 84.58 81.04 81.66 83.27 86.91 89.63 90.04 85.34
Average precipitation days 11.27 10.09 9.64 10.91 12.18 12.18 11.36 14.55 9.82 11.45 12.18 12.27 11.49
Source: Weather and Climate

Notes

  1. ↑ By analogy with Latin terra nullius; territory that is not physically controlled by any micronation.

References

  1. ↑ Google My Maps: Cheston., Retrieved on 20 October 2024.
  2. ↑ Topographic-map.com Longford topographic map (10 metres), Retrieved on 6 October 2024. Archived at https://web.archive.org/web/20241006172921/https://en-gb.topographic-map.com/map-j4rz4/Longford/?center=51.88575%2C-2.22698&zoom=17&popup=51.8857%2C-2.22902 on 6 October 2024
  3. ↑ Topographic-map.com Longford topographic map (11 metres), Retrieved on 6 October 2024. Archived at https://web.archive.org/web/20241109163306/https://en-gb.topographic-map.com/map-j4rz4/Longford/?center=51.88575%2C-2.22698&zoom=17&popup=51.88579%2C-2.22845 on 9 November 2024
  4. ↑ Topographic-map.com Longford topographic map (12 metres), Retrieved on 6 October 2024
  5. ↑ Topographic-map.com Longford topographic map (13 metres), Retrieved on 6 October 2024
  6. ↑ Topographic-map.com Longford topographic map (14 metres), Retrieved on 6 October 2024
  7. ↑ ""new,adj."". Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  8. ↑ "new (adj.)". Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  9. ↑ Ernest Klein. A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. ISBN 978-0444409300
  10. ↑ Benjamin W Fortson. Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction ISBN 978-1405188968
  11. ↑ J.P. Mallory and D.Q. Adams. The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World. ISBN 978-0199296682. Retrieved on 13 October 2024.
  12. ↑ "Oxford English Dictionary, Park". Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  13. ↑ "Merriam-Webster, "Park". Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  14. ↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary, Park (n)". Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  15. ↑ Thompson, F. M. L. (1998). The Rise of Respectable Society: A Social History of Victorian Britain, 1830-1900. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674772857. Retrieved on 13 October 2024
  16. ↑ Thorns, David C. (1976). The Quest for Community: Social Aspects of Residential Growth. G. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-0043010723. Retrieved on 13 October 2024.
  17. ↑ "Etymology of "chest"". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  18. ↑ "Proto-Indo-European Root Extensions". REX. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  19. ↑ "Oxford English Dictionary". OED. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  20. ↑ G Webster, Rome against Caractacus, p 45, ISBN 978-0415239875
  21. ↑ "GADARG – Essay 1". Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2013-06-09. The colonia of Glevum
  22. ↑ "Anglo-Saxon Gloucester: c.680 – 1066". british-history.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  23. ↑ "Short History of the City of Gloucester, Gloucestershire". Archived from the original on 2 September 2016. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  24. ↑ Weather and Climate. (n.d.). Gloucestershire, United Kingdom Climate. In Weather and Climate. Retrieved October 6, 2024, from https://weatherandclimate.com/united-kingdom/gloucestershire. Archived at https://web.archive.org/web/20241006062841/https://weatherandclimate.com/united-kingdom/gloucestershire on October 6, 2024.
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