Thulian language
| Thulian | |
|---|---|
| ńotkósna | |
| Pronunciation | [nɔtkɔsna] |
| Created by | Svante Axelsson |
| Date | 18 April 2021 (speculated) |
| Users | 0 (2022) |
| Purpose | Constructed language
|
| Dialects | Standard Aelandic |
| Latin script (Latin Thulian Alphabet) Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet (CTA) | |
| Sources | A posteriori language with elements of Swedish, Russian, English and Czech. |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  Thulia Aeland |
| Regulated by | Svante Axelsson |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | - |
 Thulian is critically endangered according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Thulian (/θuːlɪan/ th-OO-lian, endonym: ńotkósna [nɔtkɔsna] or ńotkósna srŕàneń [nɔtkɔsna sraːnɛn]), is a constructed semi-cipher-language and serves as one of three official languages in the Republic of Thulia. It is based on Swedish. If one wants to translate a Thulian word from English, they need to use the Swedish word for it and then translate from Swedish to Thulian. There are some custom words that are not directly translated from Swedish, like "and" which is "ý" or "a", or "with" which is "s". The sentance structure is subject-verb-object (SVO). The words in Thulian have been influenced by many natural languages, including English, Czech and Russian.
History
The language started out as a cipher. It was originally called Etnish (Swedish: etniska). Later the name changed to Thulian. Svante created it to write secret things. It was first in early 2022, with the creation of the Republic of Thulia that the alphabet was further developed. Soon after that, it started evolving and getting custom words that were not directly translated from Swedish.
Etymology
The language got its name from the Virtual Thulia. The nation still existed when the script was created. Therefore, Svante named the language after his nation.
Phonology
The following chart shows a complete list of the consonant phonemes of Thulian:
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | t | k | |||
| voiced | b | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ||||
| voiced | v | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Approximant | j | |||||
Orthography
In Thulian, there are two alphabets in use: the Latin Thulian Alphabet (LTA) and the Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet (CTA). The LTA is the most frequently used, while the CTA is only used for government signs and in passports. The diacritics in Thulian are only to separate the letters. The ones used in the LTA are the anýń axeáń (acute accent) in the letters á, é, ó, ŕ, ń, ý; the êŕab axeáń (grave accent) in the letters à, ò; the sóŕntmwkex (circumflex) in the letter ê; the skaso (stroke, bar) in the letter ø. The LTA contains 25 letters; 14 vowels and 11 consonants. The letters c, q, w, z get replaced with the letters k/s, k, v, s respectively, before the translation from Swedish to Thulian.
| Majuscule forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | Á | À | Æ | B | E | É | Ê | K | M | N | Ń | O | Ó | Ò | Ø | Io | R | Ŕ | S | T | W | X | Y | Ý |
| Minuscule forms (also called lowercase or small letters) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | á | à | æ | b | e | é | ê | k | m | n | ń | o | ó | ò | ø | io | r | ŕ | s | t | w | x | y | ý |
| IPA value(s) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [a], [aː] | [ɛ], [æː] | [b] | [eː], [ɛ] | [k] | [m] | [n] | [oː], [ɔ] | [ø] | [joː] | [r] | [s] | [t] | [v] | [ks] | [yː], [ʏ] | |||||||||
| Letter | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Uppercase | Lowercase | |
| A | a | a |
| Á | á | á; a s anýń axeáń |
| À | à | à; a s êŕab axeáń |
| Æ | æ | æ |
| B | b | be |
| E | e | e |
| É | é | é; e s anýń axeáń |
| Ê | ê | ê; e s sóŕntmwkex |
| K | k | ek |
| M | m | em |
| N | n | nà |
| Ń | ń | ńe |
| O | o | o |
| Ó | ó | ó; o s anýń axeáń |
| Ò | ò | ò; o s êŕab axeáń |
| Ø | ø | ø |
| Io | io | io |
| R | r | re |
| Ŕ | ŕ | eŕ |
| S | s | es |
| T | t | yt |
| W | w | ew |
| X | x | ex |
| Y | y | yrsókioá |
| Ý | ý | ý; yrsókioá s anýń axeáń |
Replacements
| Sound (Swedish) |
Replaced by (before translation) |
Example (Swedish) |
Thulian |
|---|---|---|---|
| -cc | -x | vaccin ("vaccine") | baxóá |
| -ck | -kk | lycka ("luck, happiness") | kýnna |
| Eu-, -eu- | Ev-, -eff- | Europa ("Europe"), terapeut ("therapist") | Ebŕiora, ńeŕarewwń |
| dj- | j- | djungel ("jungle") | òtáêek |
| lj- | ljud ("sound"), ljus ("light") | òty, òts | |
| hj- | hjälp ("help"), hjul ("wheel") | òækr, òtk | |
| gj- | gjuteri ("foundry") | òtńeŕó | |
| sj- | sh- | sjö ("lake") | soø |
| sk- | skön ("comfortable") | soøá | |
| stj- | stjärna ("star") | soæŕáa | |
| skj- | skjorta ("shirt") | soioŕńa | |
| sch- | schack ("chess") | soann | |
| ps- | s- | psykiatri ("psyciatry") | sýnóańŕó |
| -tet | -te | kvalitet ("quality") | nbakóńe |
Major alphabets through history
Old Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet (OCTA)
- Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet (before passports) (CTAbp)
- Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet (after passports) (CTA)
- Latin Thulian Alphabet (LTA)
Grammar
Nouns and adjectives
Thulian has four cases; there are three articles.
| Case | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | wósn | wósneá | wósnaŕ | wósnaŕáa |
| Genitive | wósns | wósneás | wósnaŕs | wósnaŕáas |
Verbs
Thulian has three simple tenses (present, past and future), and three compound perfect constructions: present perfect, past perfect and future perfect.
Conjugating verbs
| Tense | LTA | Formation |
|---|---|---|
| Present | ||
| Past | ||
| Future | ||
| Present perfect | ||
| Past perfect | ||
| Future perfect |
Pronouns
| Definiteness | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |
| Indefinite | eá | - |
| Definite | ta | taý |
| Thulian | English | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singlar | Plural |
| ńæmæ | kæmæ | this | these |
| ńioáá | kioáá | that | those |
| ńeta | keta | this that |
these those |
| tasamma | taýsamma | the same | |
| sàyaá | sàyaáý | such | |
| Thulian | English | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |
| otŕ | how | |
| ' | what | |
| ' | ' | who |
| ' | ' | whose |
| ' | ' | which |
| ' | ' | whose |
| Person | Nominative | Accusative | Genitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | ýa | ýet | - |
| 2nd | te | tet | - |
| 3rd (gender-neutral) |
se | set | seý |
| 3rd reflexive |
sio | siot | - |
| 1st plural | mý | mýr | - |
| 2nd plural | wý | wýr | - |
| 3rd plural | ye | yer | yea |
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | moý | moýó |
| 2nd | toý | toýó |
| 3rd | seý | |
| 3rd reflexive |
sioý | sóio |
| 1st plural | mýa | mýó |
| 2nd plural | wýa | wýó |
| 3rd plural | yea | |
Numerals
Cardinal numerals
| 1 | ŕas | 11 | ŕasýńeá | 21 | ybańeáń ŕas |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | yba | 12 | ybaýńeá | 22 | ybańeáń yba |
| 3 | ńŕó | 13 | ńŕóýńeá | 23 | ybańeáń ńŕó |
| 4 | wýŕa | 14 | wýŕaýńeá | 24 | ybańeáń wýŕa |
| 5 | wem | 15 | wemýńeá | 25 | ybańeáń wem |
| 6 | sóx | 16 | sóxýńeá | 26 | ybańeáń sóx |
| 7 | sòt | 17 | sòtýńeá | 27 | ybańeáń sòt |
| 8 | iosm | 18 | iosmýńeá | 28 | ybańeáń iosm |
| 9 | yebeń | 19 | yebeńýńeá | 29 | ybańeáń yebeń |
| 10 | ńeá | 110 | sńio ńeá | 1100 | ńýseá sńio |
| 20 | ybańeáń | 200 | ybasńio | 2000 | ybańýseá |
| 30 | ńŕóńeáń | 300 | ńŕósńio | 3000 | ńŕóńýseá |
| 40 | wýŕańeáń | 400 | wýŕasńio | 4000 | wýŕańýseá |
| 50 | wemńeáń | 500 | wemsńio | 5000 | wemńýseá |
| 60 | sóxńeáń | 600 | sóxsńio | 6000 | sóxńýseá |
| 70 | sòtńeáń | 700 | sòtsńio | 7000 | sòtńýseá |
| 80 | iosmńeáń | 800 | iosmsńio | 8000 | iosmńýseá |
| 90 | yebeńeáń | 900 | yebeńsńio | 9000 | yebeńýseá |
| 100 | sńio | 1000 | ńýseá | 0 | áók |
- Example:
- 2 222 - ybańýseá ybasńio ybańeáń yba (literal meaning: 2000 200 20 2)
- 58 745 - wemńeáń iosm ńýseá sòtsńio wýŕańeáń wem (literal meaning: 50 8 1000 700 40 5)
Ordinal numerals
Common words and phrases
| English | LTA | Literal translation |
|---|---|---|
| Greetings | ||
| Hi! | Ako! / Rŕóbeń! | Alh! / Privet! |
| Hello | Rŕóbeń | Privet |
| Welcome | Bækniommeá | Välkommen |
| How are you? | Otŕ màŕ te? | Hur mår ue? |
| I'm good, thanks! And you? | Ýa màŕ éŕa, srasóéio! A te? | Ya mår bra, spasibo! A ue? |
| Good morning | Êioy mioŕêioá | God morgon |
| Good afternoon | Êioy yeáò / ewńeŕmóyyaê | God denj / eftermiddag |
| Good evening | Êioy beńòeŕ | God vetjer |
| Good night | Êioy áańń | God natt |
| Goodbye | Oæksa Yto | Hälsa Duh |
| Bye! | Riona! / Syŕab! | Poka! / Sdrav! |
| See you later | Mý ses seáaŕe / Mý ses | My ses senare / My ses |
| Introducing yourself | ||
| My name is... | Moý áamá æŕ... / Ýa oeńeŕ... | Mitt namn är... / Ya heter... |
| I am... | Ýa æŕ... | Ya är... |
| I come from... / I am from... | Ýa niommeŕ wŕàá... / Ýa æŕ wŕàá... | Ya kommer från... / Ya är från |
| Nice to meet you | Ńŕebkóêń ańń ńŕæwwas | Trevligt att träffas |
| Please pet my gilded cat | Baŕ êioy nkarra moý wøŕêýkkya nańń | Var god klappa mhy förgyllda katt |
| Miscellaneous words | ||
| Yes | Ýatt | Yauu |
| No | Næe | Käe |
| am, are, is | æŕ | är |
| and | ý/a | y/a |
| with | s | s |
| Hurrah! | Éŕa! (ÉŔŔŔAAA!!!) | Bra! (BRRRAAA!!!) |
| Cheers! | Snàk! | Skål! |
| Thank you | Srasóéio | Spasibo |
Sample texts
The Lord's prayer
Mýa Wayeŕ, te siom æŕ ó oómkeá.
Kàń toý áamá ékó oekêań.
Kàń toý ŕóne niomma.
Kàń toý bókòa sne rà òioŕyeá sà siom ó oómkeá.
Êób mýr óyaê ta éŕøy mý éeoøbeŕ.
Ý wøŕkàń mýr wøŕ mýo snatkyeŕ
kónsiom mý oaŕ wøŕkàńóń ye siom sńàŕ ó snatky ńókk mýr.
Ý tńsæńń mýr óáńe wøŕ rŕøbáóáê
tńaá ŕæyya mýr wŕàá ioáysna.
Toý æŕ ŕóneń
toý æŕ manńeá ý æŕaá
ó ebóêoeń.
Ameá.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 1-3:
Akka mæááósnioŕ æŕ wøyya wŕóa ý kóna ó bæŕye ý ŕæńńóêoeńeŕ. Ye oaŕ tńŕtsńańs s wøŕátwń ý sambeńe ý éøŕ oaáyka êeáńemioń baŕaáyŕa ó eá aáya ab êemeásnar. Baŕ ý eá æŕ éeŕæńńóêay ńókk akka ye ŕæńńóêoeńeŕ ý wŕóoeńeŕ siom tńńakas ó yeááa wøŕnkaŕóáê tńaá àńsnókkáay ab áàêioń skaê, sàsiom rà êŕtáy ab ŕas, otywæŕê, nøá, srŕàn, ŕekóêóioá, riokóńósn ekkeŕ iońoeŕ trrwańńáóáê, áańóioáekkń ekkeŕ siosóakń tŕsrŕtáê, eêeáyiom, éøŕy ekkeŕ sńækkáóáê ó øbŕóêń. Óáêeá àńsnókkáay wàŕ oekkeŕ êøŕas rà êŕtáy ab yeá riokóńósna, ŕæńńskóêa ekkeŕ óáńeŕáańóioáekka sńańts siom ŕàyeŕ ó yeń kaáy ekkeŕ yeń iomŕàye siom eá reŕsioá ńókkoøŕ, baŕe sóê yeńńa kaáy ekkeŕ iomŕàye æŕ ioéeŕioeáye, sńàŕ táyeŕ wøŕbakńaŕsnar, æŕ ónne-sòækbsńýŕaáye ekkeŕ æŕ táyeŕnasńań áàêioá iońoeŕ éeêŕæásáóáê ab sóá stbeŕæáóńeń. Baŕ ý eá oaŕ ŕæńń ńókk kób, wŕóoeń ý reŕsioákóê sæneŕoeń.
,
OCTA (Old Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet)
CTAbp (Cyrillic Thulian Alphabet, before passports)
