Education in Juniperia

Education in Juniperia
Ministry of Education
Minister of Education	Vacant
National education budget (2023)
Budget	μ1,000
Per student	μ0
General details
Primary languages	English
System type	Standardized
University of Auran Act	2023
Literacy (2023)
Total	100%
Male	100%
Female	100%
Enrollment (2023)
Total	33.23%
Primary	4%
Secondary	28.23%
Post secondary	1%
Attainment (2023)
Secondary diploma	2
Post-secondary diploma	0

Education in Juniperia is mandated by the government between the ages of 3 and 18. It is regulated by the Ministry of Education. It is primarily managed by the state and consists of various curricula such as math, reading (ELA), science, art, history, geography and various others. Within Juniperia itself, education is provided by the University of Adler^[1] which is open from ages 12 to 17.

The focus on education began after the passing of the University of Auran act in early 2023. Since then there have multiple attempts to bring a proper education system to Juniperia. A vast majority of Juniperians are currently enrolled in middle school.^[2]

Education system

Juniperia follows an education system similar to the United States, in math, the curriculum is roughly 0.89 years ahead. Individual royal domains and even territories possess control over what colleges and schools are formed. Private education is allowed, but must conform to the education standards set by government statutes.

Curriculum

The Juniperian curriculum is outlined by the Educational Charters act of 2023. It primarily follows the American system.

Mathematics

Mathematics is a core class and is mandated from preschool to the age of 18. Mathematics is an important course to Juniperians. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are taught from preschool to 1st grade to 2nd grade and from 3rd grade to 4th grade respectively. Addition and subtraction concepts include the associative, commutative and other properties. All topics covered are taught at a conceptual level, rather than a manipulative one. Fraction addition and subtraction is scheduled to be taught in 4th grade, as by then the concepts of addition and subtraction, as well as multiplication are taught. Division of fractions is taught in late 4th and early 5th grade. Pre-algebra (known in Juniperia as Introductory Algebra) covers multiplication and division of decimals and basic polynomial operations, including the difference between polynomials, binomials and trinomials. Variables are also introduced here. Algebra branches out into Algebra I and Algebra II. During Algebra I, stends master addition and subtraction of polynomials, factoring polynomials, graphing linear equations and parabolas, as well as finding the roots of an equation. Age and work problems are also covered. The pythagorean theorem is also taught.

ax^{2}+bx+c=0,

The Quadratic equation as shown here, is introduced during Algebra. During Algebra II (Algebra Two), division of polynomials as well as advanced quadratic equations are covered. At the end of Algebra II, students will be given a short introduction to trigonometry. Trigonometric topics such as the functions of sine, cosine and tangent are taught. Students are taught how to use these functions and others such as secant, cosecant, cotangent, arctangent and arcsine. Functions of the hyperbola are taught in Trigonometry II. Calculus is taught after trigonometry, and pre-calculus^[3] is usually taught as an optional course before calculus. Calculus covers limits, derivatives, integrals, differentiation and various theorems and proofs.^[4]

Differential calculus is often recommended to be taken along with a macronational AP Physics^[5] course along with integral calculus. Differential calculus in Juniperia covers mathematical models of the rates of change of a function and its derivative. Students must first be adept in finding the slope of a linear equation written in the form

y=mx+b.

as well as the tangent of a function at any given point. Students also can understand that the tangent line can be approximated by the secant line. One theorem taught here is the Mean value theorem.

Integral calculus covers the use of integration. Students will learn how to find the anti-derivative in order to integrate a function. An integral can be defined as the continuous generalization of the sum. This is used to find areas and volumes and is hence also used in physics.

Contour integration is also taught, particularly as a pretext to complex analysis. Shown here is the Cauchy integral formula. Two parts of the Cauchy integral formula are shown here for reference.^[6]

D={\bigl \{}z:|z-z_{0}|\leq r{\bigr \}}

f(a)={\frac {1}{2\pi i}}\oint _{\gamma }{\frac {f(z)}{z-a}}\,dz.\,

Pure calculus is often an accompaniment to a college course in math or calculus, it covers many theories of calculus and its applications. The word "pure" means it is not applied, rather theoretical.

Difference from macronational education

Juniperian education on trigonometry and calculus differs from macronational ones. In trigonometry, students learn about simple limits and how they apply to trigonometry as opposed to learning them in calculus. Macronational education also makes Calculus an AP course, where Juniperia recommends Calculus I or II.

History

History is a core class taught from 1st grade. It covers world history, Juniperian history is not currently taught.

World I or World History I is taught from 1st grade to 3rd grade, it explores the rise and fall of major world civilizations such as Sumer, Elam, Egypt, India, Greece and China. the Roman Empire and its fall are taught in the later quarter of the year.

World II or World History II is a year long course taught from 4th grade to 6th grade, it covers the fall of Rome in more depth, including internal and external reasons to its fall, and how it affected the next centuries. Charlemagne, the Arabs, medieval China, Japan and India are also taught. World III or World History III is taught in 7th grade. It covers the early renaissance and the cultural booms of Europe, it covers the massacres of natives in Europe and the Columbian exchange. The Seven Years' War, the reformation and 80 years war is also taught during this course.^[7] World IV (Four, or IIII) or World History IV (IIII) is taught during 8th and 9th grade, it covers New Imperialism and the 1800s and early 1900s. The revolutions of 1848 and the Partition of Africa, as well as the Colonization of Asia and the Opium Wars. It also covers the rise of Socialism and how Napoleon affected the revolutionary period. The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars are also taught. Advanced 6th and 7th graders may also matriculate to this course. Grade 9 history is equivalent to AP wordl history.^[8] World V or World History V (Five) covers World War one and Two, students can explain the World Wars as an amalgamation of the weapons developments of the Industrial Revolution. Students learn about the Rise of Nationalism, especially in the Balkans and other regions.

Specialized History Courses

Specialized History Courses or SHCs focus on a certain region of the world. They are particularly ranged during the 1800s and 2000s. Specialized History Courses are designed for students hoping to study more on a certain topic, rather than on a more generalized pathway such as one of the World History Courses. They often focus on certain and momentous eras in a certain region rather than a large time frame as well.

SHC Balkans

The Specialized Course for the Balkans focuses on the history of the Balkans, and how its ethnic and linguistic diversity contributed to the violence and nationalism in the area. The course covers the medieval era but particularly 1830 to Present. The course begins with a short overview of the Balkans during the medieval era, the Magyar conquests in the Carpathian, the rise of Bulgaria, Byzantine Empire in Europe, the Christianization of the Balkans are all included in the course as well, though none of them are highly descriptive, as a more thorough understanding of said courses is a prerequisite to an SHC.^[9]

The course puts more detail on later events, such as the Ottomans in Europe, the development of a Slavic identity and other such concepts and how they affected wars and politics in the area. It focuses on various revolts and the use of guerilla warfare by rebellions to gain an advantage, and how foreign meddling in the Balkans affected the region. The 1900s forms the bulk of the course, students understand how the newfound nationalism in the Balkan people contributed to the rise of various ideologies. As well as the German war against Yugoslavia and the success of the Yugoslav partisans. As well as the Balkans during the cold war and the fall of Yugoslavia.

SHC Middle East

The Specialized Course for the Middle East covers the rise of pan-Arabian unity, and how Islam affected the regional politics of the area from the 1700s on. The course begins with the rise of Ottoman influence in the Middle East, particularly their subjugation of various Arab tribes. The majority of the course is focused on the formation of an Arab identity, more broadly a Muslim identity. The course explores British and French colonization of the Middle East and the rising conflicts in Palestine

SHC India

The Specialized Course for India covers particularly the rise of an Indian unity under British rule, British atrocities in India and the Revolt of 1856 and the Indian Independence Movement. The course begins with the various Muslim and Hindu states of India, the rise of the Maratha Empire and the rise of the East India Company. A majority of the course focuses on the "Indian" identity formed to expel the British from India. And the subsequent rivalries that ensued.^[10]

Science

Science is a mandated or core class from Preschool to the end of education. Branches of science such as physics are taught in their own courses.

Science I

Science I is taught in the first year of education, it covers the basic stages of matter and the conservation of energy in simple terms, it focuses on giving students an introduction to science rather than explaining the concepts in excruciating detail.^[11] Science II or Science Two is taught in second grade and covers the stages of matter in more detail. Students learn the Engineering Design Process and learn to be resilient in the face of failure, an essential skill. Students learn to investigate problems and frequently conduct labs and projects to test their understanding.^[12] Students understand the atmosphere and how it is composed, the various gasses and matter in the atmosphere and the magnetic fields around the Earth.^[13] Science III or Science Three is taught in the third and fourth grades, students begin with a review of matter and the atmosphere, they then learn about weather and climate, types of clouds, precipitation and how it forms, as well as the water cycle. The later half of the year is spent on the environment and modeling erosion. The science curriculum combined curriculum elements from many states and countries.^[14]^[15]^[16]

The Higher Science Curriculum (HSC) is a program for curricula from the grades 5 through 10, it constitutes more in depth and engaging projects. Two introductory physics and two physics courses are taught during this time as well (usually in grades 10–12).^[17]^[18]

Methods of Education

Being a micronation, Juniperia's reach is limited in the fields of education. The University of Adler engages primarily in opencourseware and publishes its videos on a video site. The government passed a law in February 2023 to create the University of Auran, which caused immense controversy regarding the fate of Juniperian education. The University of Adler also provides its own educational curriculum.^[19]^[20]

Legality

The first major legal concerns about education came in October of 2022, when George Chu, the leader of the Catholic Republican Alliance in the Republic of Juniperia proposed legislation to ban education on sexual expression and multiple-gender theory.^[21] The idea received support from his caucus but was slammed by the Juniperian People's Democratic Caucus for being unconstitutional (despite there being no constitution in effect). George Celenic went on to rally against "liberal" education, the Jha Government charged him with slander leading to the court case Jha v Celenic in November 2022^[22]

University of Auran Act

Following the enactment of the Juniperian monarchy, education once again came into focus. Sean Villevoiche passed the University of Auran act of 2023 officially creating the University of Auran and the Juniperian education system. Celenic once again tried to campaign against it but was unable to do so effectively due to him being disgraced due to his support of the Insurgency in Westavia.^[23]^[24]