Human rights in Caudonia
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Human rights in Caudonia are protected under the Constitution and numerous international treaties which the Government has ratified. A 2019 micronational human rights report noted that human rights and civil liberties are generally respected in the country.
Sources of rights
Human rights in Caudonia are enforced via several different sources, the most prominent being the nation's Constitution.
Constitution
Human rights are guaranteed by Chapter VII of the Constitution. Articles 76 and 77 of the Constitution states that Chapter VII must be integrated into any new constitution that is created, and that any amendment which attempts to remove or change part of the chapter shall be inadmissible.
Acts of Parliament
There is currently one Act of Parliament regarding the protection of human rights. That is the LGBT Rights Act, 2019. It set an equal age of consent for homosexual sexual activity, reaffirmed the anti-discrimination provisions of the constitution, and established certain rights for LGBT individuals.
International treaties
Caudonia has signed, but not ratified, the following international treaties:
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
- Convention on the Rights of the Child
- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Human Rights Commission
The primary watchdog for human rights in Caudonia is the Human Rights Commission. The commission was established on 3 November 2019 by Prince William I. It is responsible for investigating alleged infringements of civil liberties and political rights, ensuring that the government is in alignment with current international conventions/treaties regarding human rights, and conducting the nation's annual report on human rights.
Civil and political rights
All individuals are guaranteed the following civil and political rights under the constitution:
Life and security of the person
- The right to life, liberty and security of the person (includes bodily integrity)
- The right not to be subjected to cruel or unusual punishment
- The right not to be subjected to unconsented medical or scientific experimentation
- The right to refuse to undergo any medical treatment
- The right to marriage, procreate and raise a child, and to start a family
Democratic and civil rights
- The right to vote or run for public office (if you have reached the age of 14)
- The right to petition the parliament
- The right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion, and belief, including the right to adopt and to hold opinions without interference
- The right to freedom of expression, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and opinions of any kind in any form
- The right to manifest that person's religion or belief in worship, observance, practice, or teaching, either individually or in community with others, and either in public or in private
- The right to freedom of peaceful assembly
- The right to freedom of association
- The right to freedom of movement and residence in Caudonia (if you are legally in Caudonia)
- The right to enter Caudonia (if you are a citizen)
Non-discrimination and minority rights
Everyone has the right to freedom from discrimination on the following grounds:
- Sex, which includes pregnancy and childbirth
- Marital status
- Religious belief
- Ethical belief, which means the lack of a religious belief, whether in respect of a particular religion or religions or all religions
- Colour or race
- Ethnic or national origin
- Phyisical or mental disability
- Political opinion, which includes the lack of a particular political opinion or any political opinion
- Employment status
- Family status
- Sexual orientation or gender identity
Treatment of particular groups and minorities
Ethnic and linguistic minorities
Most ethnic and linguistic minorities within the nation are recognised by the government in some form. One of the largest linguistic minorities are the speakers of Caudonian Scots, a dialect of the Scots language found solely in Caudonia. The Scots language has achieved official language status in recent times, alongside the Spanish language which has achieved recognised minority language status.
LGBTI people
Caudonia has of the most advanced LGBTI rights in North America and the world. Same-sex sexual activity and all forms of LGBTI rights have been legal since the establishment of Caudonia.
The content of laws relating to the equality of LGBT people is summarised in the following table:
| Jurisdiction | Same-sex marriage | Recognition of same-sex couples | Same-sex sexual activity | Equal age of consent | Anti-discrimination legislation | Adoption | Access to fertility | Right to change legal gender |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caudonia |  (never illegal)
|
(since 2019)
|
(never illegal)
|
(since 2019)
|
(since 2019)
|
(since 2019)
|
(never illegal)
|
(since 2019)
|
| Bismarck | (never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
| Ludusia | (never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
| Mainland | (never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
| Parnia | (never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
| Olbialand | (never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(nationally)
|
(never illegal)
|
(nationally)
|