Republic of Ceneda
Republic of Ceneda Repubblica di Ceneda | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: "Avanti Corrado" "Corrado forward!" | |
| Anthem: - | |
| Status | Active |
| Location | Ceneda, Italy |
| Capital | Ceneda |
| Largest city | Capital |
| Official languages | Italian, Cenedese |
| Recognised national languages | Italian, Cenedese, Latin |
| Ethnic groups (2022) |
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| Religion (2022) |
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| Demonym(s) | Cenedesi |
| Government | Presidential republic |
• President | Andrea Grava |
• Prime Minister | Pietro Boscariol |
| Legislature | Senate |
| Senate | |
| Independence from Italy | |
• Independence | 6 August 2022 |
• Constitution ratified | 24 September 2022 |
| Area | |
• Total | 14.5 km2 (5.6 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 200 |
• 2022 census | 12 |
| Currency | Euro |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (Rome UTC+2.00) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (XDT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +39 |
| Internet TLD | .org (De facto) .ce (De iure) |
Website https://www.cenedagov.org | |
The Republic of Ceneda (italian: Repubblica di Ceneda) is a self-proclaimed micronation. It is located in northern Italy, in the province of Treviso. The territory of the Republic is inspired by the borders of the ancient Comune di Ceneda of the middle age. The borders are free access as the Republic is inglobated in the city of Vittorio Veneto, Italy.
Etymology
The name of the micronation comes from the origin of the city itself. The first sign of a city dates back to the VI sec AD. Thought the origins of the city could date back to the romans, the city became famous when became the house of the Duke of Ceneda, which controlled a big region between Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia.
History
The Ceneda district and the city have a very important historical past. Some archaeological excavations[1] date some of the finds to the Roman and early Christian times. However, we know that Ceneda has always been an important point of strategic but also religious importance, having been the seat of a Duchy and still today the seat of a Catholic diocese.
The Duchy of Ceneda
The birth of the Duchy of Ceneda is attested by scholars around 570 AD. The oldest evidence of the existence of a city called Ceneta dates back to the sixth century, in the writings of Venanzio Fortunato, a poet of Treviso and perhaps Cenedese origins. In his De vita S. Martini Turonensis we find these lines:
For Cenetam gradiens et amicos duplavenenses,
Qua natale solum est mihi sanguine, sede parentum,
Prolis origo patrum, frater, soror, ordo nepotum,
Quos colo corde, fide, breviter, peto, redde salutems.
(If you pass by Ceneda and where my Duplavian friends are, in which place is my homeland by blood, by the abode of the parents, where is the origin of the descendants of the fathers, where the brother, the sister, the host of grandchildren, whom I honor with my heart and faith: in a nutshell, I ask you, wish them health).
Other authors, from the sixth and seventh centuries, also speak of Ceneda in their writings. Paolo Diacono, at the end of the second book of the Historia Langabardorum, states that after the death of their King Clefi there were already 35 Duchies in Italy: of five he also gives us the name.[2] In Liutprando's Placito we find the first evidence of the existence of the Duchy, around 750. A certain date instead is that of 665, the year in which King Grimoaldo destroyed Oderzo and "divided the lands of those who lived there between Friulani, Trevigiani and Cenedesi." In 712 or 713, according to the studies of the historian Vincenzo Botteon, we have the birth of the diocese of Ceneda at the behest of Liutprando. In the mid-seventh century, the remains of St. Titian bishop had been transferred to Ceneda, increasing the religious importance of the city, which was already an important territorial garrison.
The Diocese of Ceneda
The historical beginning of episcopal see of Ceneda is uncertain. There may have been a bishop present in Ceneda very soon after the Lombard conquest. The first reputed bishop seems to have been Vindemius who was present in 579. However, the diocese does not seem to have been officially organized until 665 when the Lombard duke Grimoaldo assigned to the bishop of Ceneda a large part of the territory that had formerly been under the care of Oderzo.
From 994 the bishop of that city became also its temporal lord, even after it was politically incorporated into the Republic of Venice in 1389. In 1447 and in 1514 bishops Francesco and Oliviero gave the republic civil investiture of the territory of Ceneda, reserving for themselves and their successors (until about 1768) authority over the city and a few villas.
Among its bishops have been: Azzo (1140); Sigifredo (1170), during whose time there were many conflicts between Ceneda and the neighbouring towns; Antonion Correr (1409); Lorenzo da Ponte (1739), the last bishop to exercise temporal power, and Albino Luciani (1958–1969) who became pope John Paul I in 1978.
Ceneda, the oldest centre, whose origins date back to the first centuries of the Common Era, is located in a land inhabited since Roman times. Seat, in the seventh century, of a Lombard duchy, center of a diocese whose territory extends between Piave and Livenza, Ceneda experienced the events of the Venetian history of the Middle Ages under the government of its bishops, within the political and culture of the Republic of Venice. [...] Document of these differences are also the statutes: while those of Ceneda, of 1339, of 1476-1486, of 1609, regulate the independent order, [...] deprived the bishop of temporal power, even Ceneda must adopt the statute approved by Venice. - From the Statuto Comunale of Vittorio Veneto, 2014
The Republic of Ceneda
The Republic was unofficially established on August 6, 2022, during a summer retreat of the founders in Auronzo di Cadore, Italy. Subsequently, about a month and a half later, on 24 September, after a plenary meeting, the constitution was approved and ratified by all present. Thus the Republic of Ceneda was officially born.
Politics and government
The Republic is officialy a presidential republic. The Head of the State is the President of the Republic, which is elected by the citizens every two years.
The Governement
Constitution
The Constitution of The Republic of Ceneda is made of 9 articles. The Constitution was ratified on 24th September 2022. The constitution was initially composed in August 2022, after the unofficial declaration of independence.[3]
The Senate
The Senate is the chamber with legislative function. It represents the people and is elected by them. The bills are discussed and approved by the Senate, before being sent to the Head of State to be signed. The Head of State has the power to veto if the bill is not constitutional. In this case the bill will be discussed again in the Senate, modified and sent back for the President's signature.
Foreign relations
The Republic of Ceneda recognize every member of the Grand Unified Micronational, in which is a permanent observer since 11 June 2023. Ceneda has also recognize and has diplomatic relations with the following micronations:
| Name | Type | From | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Unified Micronational | Organization | Permanent Observer | 11 June 2023 |
| Governorate of Græcia | Micronation | Mutual Recognition and Diplomatic Relations | 22 July 2023 [4] |
| Principality of Sancratosia | Micronation | Mutual Recognition and Diplomatic Relations | 26 December 2023 |
| Kingdom of Suteria | Micronation | Unilateral recognition de facto | January 2024 |
Geography and culture
Climate
Ceneda lies at the foot of the Venetian Pre-Alps. Summers are hot, winters are very cold, and it's partly cloudy all year round. Throughout the year, the temperature typically ranges from -1 °C to 28 °C and is rarely below -6 °C or above 32 °C. The best time of year to visit Ceneda is from late May to late September.
Tourism
The Republic of Ceneda offers a very varied cultural panorama: artistic, architectural, philological and culinary assets can be found in various corners of the Nation. The historic center of the capital offers a representation of the medieval past of the city, together with the castle of San Martino, house of the bishop.
Sport
Monthly the Republic houses a football match between the national team and a delegation of Italian citizens.
See also
References
- ↑ Elisa Possenti, San Rocco a Ceneda, Indagini archeologiche (2003-2006), 2014
- ↑ Paolo Diacono, Historia Langobardorum (Storia dei Longobardi, Lorenzo Valla/Mondadori, Milano 1992).
- ↑ https://www.cenedagov.org/government/the-constitution
- ↑ Diplomatic relations and mutual recognition treaty, between Græcia and Ceneda in English, 22 July 2023