Republic of Caisancho/zh

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Republic of Caisancho
外傘頂洲共和國 (Chinese)
Wàisăndĭngzhou Gònghéguó
Flag of Republic of Caisancho/zh
Flag
National Seal of Republic of Caisancho/zh
National Seal
Motto: 篳路藍縷,以啟山林
Anthem: 美麗島 (The Beautiful Island)
  實際管轄範圍 Actual administrative area

  聲稱領土(外傘頂洲傳統範圍)Territories claimed
Capital竹篙寮 Zhugaoliao
Official languagesMandarin, Taiwanese
Recognised regional languagesHokkien
Hakka
Formosan
Ethnic groups
Demonym(s)Caisanese
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic
• Chief Executive
-
LegislatureParliament of Caisancho
Formation
• Independence
3 March 2021
Area
• Total
0.1 km2 (0.039 sq mi)
• Water (%)
6.5
Population
• 2021 estimate
4
HDI (2021) 0.916
very high
CurrencyNew Taiwan Dollar (NT$) (NTD)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Taipei Standard Time)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+8 (not observed)
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd
yyyy年m月d日
Driving sideright
Calling code+886
Internet TLD.csc, .外傘頂洲

外傘頂洲共和國是一個獨立於2021年的「微國家、私人國家」,外傘頂洲本島依附於臺灣島西南一隅,位於臺灣澎湖與臺灣嘉義之間的海域,現今面積約一千餘公頃,由鄰國溪水沖積而成,距臺灣嘉義縣東石鄉約14公里。

「外傘頂洲」一詞來自於島嶼輪廓為呈現東北西南走向的傘狀沙洲而得名,又可稱為外傘頂沙洲或外傘頂汕,在英譯上以日治時期外傘頂洲的日語發音Caisancho為名,亦有稱waisanding zhou或Wai-san-ting-Chou。

Republic of Caisancho is a micronation independent in 2021. The main island is attached to the southwest corner of Taiwan Island. It is located in the waters between Penghu, Taiwan and Chiayi, Taiwan. It covers an area of ​​about 1,000 hectares and is covered by streams from neighboring countries. It is about 14 kilometers away from Dongshi Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan.

The term "外傘頂洲" comes from the outline of the island, which is named for the umbrella-shaped sandbanks trending northeast-southwest. It can also be called Waisanding Sandbank or Waisandingshan. In the English translation, it is called Caisancho during the Japanese governance of Caisancho. And now the "Caisancho" is translate to "Waisanding Zhou" or "Wai-san-ting-Chou".

歷史 History

清日時期 Caisancho under Qing and Japanese rule(1878-1945)

臺灣前後山輿圖中象苓汕位置
Xianglingshan in the Taiwan Front and Back Mountain Map

外傘頂洲初始疆域[1] 出現於清領時期1878年(清光緒四年)的〈光緒四年臺灣前後山輿圖〉,輿圖相同位置沙洲以「象苓汕」為名,其餘僅標記沙汕,推估是外傘頂洲最早的雛形。1894年大清國於日清甲午戰爭中敗北,隔年簽訂馬關條約,永久割讓臺灣島、澎湖群島與臺澎附屬各島嶼,同年在臺灣民主國獨立下短暫成為民主國領土,後開啟外傘頂洲的日本治理時期,割讓後第三年的1898年(明治三十一年),「外傘頂洲」名稱、疆域及管轄範圍在〈明治版二萬分之一臺灣堡圖〉中開始出現,本島北面稱為統汕洲(日文:統汕洲/トーセンスー),南面則稱為外傘頂洲(日文:外傘頂洲/ガイサンチョスー),其中南面的外傘頂洲即是今日之國名。

1920年代初,位於統汕、外傘頂群汕北方的佐佐木島島體形成,此期間臺灣西南沿海沙洲逐一登錄總督府往後繪測的地形圖之中。1924年(大正十三年),大日本帝國陸地測量部地形圖開始出現佐佐木島地名(日文:佐々木島/サーサーキーシーマー)以及外傘頂洲的主建築塭港堆燈塔。

明治版臺灣堡圖中外傘頂洲位置(圖中左側)
Caisancho in the Meiji Edition Taiwan Fort Map(Left in the picture)

The initial territory of Caisancho appeared in the Qing Dynasty 1878 (the fourth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty) "臺灣前後山輿圖 Taiwan Front and Back Mountain Map", the same location on the map is named "象苓汕Xianglingshan", and the rest are only marked with Sandbanks. It is estimated to be the earliest prototype of Caisancho. In 1894, the Qing Dynasty was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War. The following year, the Shimonoseki Treaty was signed, which permanently ceded Taiwan Island, the Penghu Islands and the islands affiliated to Taiwan and Penghu. In the same year, it briefly became the territory of a democratic nation under the independence of the Republic of Formosa, and then opened its outer umbrella. During the Japanese governance of Caisancho, the third year after the cession of 1898 (Meiji 31st year), the name, territory and jurisdiction of "Caisancho" began in the "明治版二萬分之一臺灣堡圖 Meiji Edition One-20,000th Taiwan Fort Map" Appears, the northern part of the island is called Tongshanzhou (統汕洲/トーセンスー), the south is called Caisancho (外傘頂洲/ガイサンチョスー), and the southern part of Caisancho is today The name of the country.

In the early 1920s, the island body of Sasaki Island, located in the northern part of Tongshan and Caisancho Group, was formed. During this period, the sandbanks along the southwest coast of Taiwan were registered in the topographic map drawn by the Governor's Mansion one by one. In 1924 (Thirteenth year of the Taisho year), the topographic map of the Land Survey Department of the Empire of Japan began to show the name of Sasaki Island (佐々木島/サーサーキーシーマー) and the main building of the Caisancho Island, the port tower lighthouse.

華據時期 Caisancho under Republic of China rule(1945-2021)

1945年第二次世界大戰結束,中華民國於同年9月1日軍事接管屬於中國戰區的臺灣及附屬島嶼,開啟中華民國佔據時期。1947年(民國三十六年)在國民政府接收佐佐木島後將其改稱為「海豐島」,而外傘頂洲與統汕洲維持舊名。 1960年代海豐島因改建離島工業區而消失。 1980年代統汕洲於中華民國經建版地圖開始改名(一說誤植)統山洲地名北遷,並獨立出箔子寮汕(經建版地圖表示為箔子寮仙,推測同為誤植)。

At the end of World War II in 1945, the Republic of China military took over Taiwan and its affiliated islands that belonged to the Chinese theater on September 1 of the same year, starting the period of the Republic of China's occupation. In 1947 (the 36th year of the Republic of China), after the National Government took over Sasaki Island, it was renamed "海豐島 Haifeng Island", while Caisancho Island and Tongshan Island maintained their old names. In the 1960s, Haifeng Island disappeared due to the reconstruction of the outlying island industrial zone. In the 1980s, Tongshanzhou began to be renamed in the Republic of China economic construction map (one said that it was misplanted), and the place name of Tongshanzhou moved north and became independent of Huoziliaoshan.

外傘頂洲獨立 Republic of Caisancho(2021-)

2021年3月3日,外傘頂洲獨立,終止長達七十六年的華據時期,國號議定上在最初採用外傘頂洲與佐佐木島共和國,後因國號冗長且佐佐木島實質上已消失而改為外傘頂洲共和國,英譯採用二戰期間美軍繪製之地形圖譯名,為Republic of Caisancho。

On March 3, 2021, Caisancho Island became independent, ending the seventy-six-year-long Chinese occupation period. The country name agreement initially adopted Republic of Waisanding Island and Sasaki Island. Disappeared and changed to the Republic of Caisancho. The English translation adopts the topographic map drawn by the US military during World War II, and it is the Republic of Caisancho.

地理 Geography

由外傘頂洲共和國政府與駐臺辦事處繪製的《外傘頂洲共和國全圖》
The "Comprehensive Map of the Republic of Caisancho" drawn by the government of the Republic of Caisancho and the Caisancho Office in Taiwan

外傘頂洲西側為澎湖水道,東側與臺灣相隔水域部分被稱為東石潟湖,潟湖內因外傘頂洲島體東北西南走向形成阻擋海流的屏障,對牡蠣養殖業帶來優良的養殖地。

外傘頂洲的沙源來自於北港溪與西螺溪所挾帶的大量泥沙,例經波浪與海流的長時間作用將沉積在河口的沙洲匯聚形成外傘頂洲,1911年濁水溪整治工程啟動,原先由濁水溪支流注入北港溪的重要沙源消失,輸砂量逐年減少約10萬立方公尺,外傘頂洲自此開始有侵蝕後退的趨勢。根據台灣中山大學研究資料顯示,外傘頂洲以20年為單位,在1962年至1982年、1982年至2002年間,分別被侵蝕流失520公頃、547公頃的沙洲,現存者僅100餘公頃;此外,1982年沙洲上2公尺以上的沙體還有5200萬立方公尺,但在強烈東北季風作用下,2000年以後幾乎刮除殆盡,只剩平坦沙洲。學者研判,如不設法保固。預計在2028年,「移動的國土」可能將成為「消失的國土」[2]。 。

On the west side of Caisancho is the Penghu waterway, and the part of the water separated from Taiwan on the east side is called Dongshi Lagoon. In the lagoon, due to the northeast-southwest direction of the island of Caisancho, a barrier against ocean currents is formed, which provides an excellent breeding ground for oyster farming.

The sand source of Caisancho comes from the large amount of sediment carried by Beigang River and Xiluo River. For example, the sandbanks deposited in the estuary converged to form Caisancho by the long-term action of waves and ocean currents. The Zhuoshui River was renovated in 1911. When the project started, the important sand source that was originally injected into Beigang River from the Zhuoshui River tributary disappeared, and the amount of sand transported decreased by about 100,000 cubic meters year by year. Since then, Caisancho has been eroding and receding. According to research data from Taiwan's National Sun Yat-sen University, Caisancho is a unit of 20 years. Between 1962 and 1982, and between 1982 and 2002, 520 hectares and 547 hectares of sandbanks were eroded and lost respectively, and the existing ones are only more than 100 hectares; In addition, there were 52 million cubic meters of sand on the sandbar over 2 meters in 1982, but under the action of the strong northeast monsoon, it was almost wiped out after 2000, leaving only flat sandbars. Scholars study and judge, if they do not try to guarantee the warranty. It is estimated that in 2028, "moving land" may become "disappearing land"

氣候 Weather

外傘頂洲位於熱帶季風氣候和副熱帶季風氣候的過渡區,每年六月至九月份個月份降雨量超過200公釐以上,是外傘頂洲重要的雨季,此時也是颱風最常侵襲的季節。而十月過後至隔年四約在入冬期間降雨量低於50公釐,甚至曾有降雨量為0的歷史紀錄,因此外傘頂洲在冬季是有機率缺水的時段。在月均溫變化上,外傘頂洲全年月均溫都在17℃以上,而共有九個月的時間月均溫都在20℃以上,是屬於夏長冬短的氣候。而月均溫的變化,最高為29.0℃,最低為17.0℃。

Caisancho is located in the transitional zone between the tropical monsoon climate and the subtropical monsoon climate. The rainfall in each month from June to September is more than 200 mm. It is an important rainy season in Caisancho, and it is also the most frequent season of typhoons. From October to April of the following year, the rainfall during the winter is less than 50 mm, and there was even a historical record of zero rainfall. Therefore, Caisancho is a period of organic water shortage in winter. In terms of monthly average temperature changes, the average monthly temperature of Caisancho is above 17℃ throughout the year, and the average monthly temperature for a total of nine months is above 20℃. It is a climate with long summers and short winters. The monthly average temperature changes, the highest is 29.0 ℃, the lowest is 17.0 ℃.

Climate data for Caisancho 外傘頂洲氣候資訊
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 22.0
(71.6)
22.0
(71.6)
25.0
(77)
29.0
(84.2)
30.0
(86)
32.0
(89.6)
33.0
(91.4)
32.0
(89.6)
32.0
(89.6)
30.0
(86)
27.0
(80.6)
24.0
(75.2)
28.0
(82.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6)
17.5
(63.5)
20.5
(68.9)
24.0
(75.2)
26.0
(78.8)
28.0
(82.4)
29.0
(84.2)
28.5
(83.3)
27.5
(81.5)
25.0
(77)
21.5
(70.7)
18.0
(64.4)
23.4
(74.1)
Average low °C (°F) 12.0
(53.6)
13.0
(55.4)
16.0
(60.8)
19.0
(66.2)
22.0
(71.6)
24.0
(75.2)
25.0
(77)
25.0
(77)
23.0
(73.4)
20.0
(68)
16.0
(60.8)
12.0
(53.6)
18.9
(66)
Average Precipitation mm (inches) 27.5
(1.083)
44.9
(1.768)
53.0
(2.087)
86.6
(3.409)
170.0
(6.693)
318.6
(12.543)
387.4
(15.252)
443.8
(17.472)
212.3
(8.358)
30.2
(1.189)
21.5
(0.846)
25.8
(1.016)
151.8
(5.976)
Sunshine hours 330 345 360 375 390 440 440 375 375 345 330 315 4,420
Source: 外傘頂洲氣象站 Caisancho Weather Observatory

國家象徵 National Symbols

象徵別 Symbol 名稱 Name 圖片 Image 註記 Description/Notes
國旗
National Flag
藍底夕洲旗 The blue bottom with sun and island flag
藍底夕洲旗設計於2021年3月3日,國旗中白色代表絲絲白雲與和平,深藍底意味黑水溝環抱沙洲的景象,而黃褐色則是表示夕景意象以及外傘頂沙洲的代表色,同時也是光明與希望的象徵。

The blue bottom with sun and island flag was designed on March 3, 2021. The white of the flag represents the white clouds and peace, the dark blue bottom means the Taiwan Strait ditch surrounds the sandbank, and the yellow-brown is the sunset image and the representative of Caisancho. Color is also a symbol of light and hope.

國徽
National Seal
七芒州徽 Seal of seven-pointed star with island
國徽設計以同樣為環狀國徽的大洋洲國家國徽為發想,外層以國號"外傘頂洲共和國 Republic of Caisancho"包圍,內部則有外傘頂洲島徽與象徵島洲沉浮陽光、星辰之間的十六芒星以及七芒星。

The national emblem design is based on the national emblem of Oceania, which is also a ring-shaped national emblem. The outer layer is surrounded by the national name "Republic of Caisancho", and the inner is the emblem of the Caisancho and the sun and stars that symbolize the ups and downs of the island. And sixteen-pointed star and seven-pointed star.

國家格言
National Motto
篳路藍縷,以啟山林
"Undergoing great hardship and pioneering the wilderness"
N/A N/A
國家象徵色
National Colors
白 White
藍 Blue
褐 Yellow
N/A 取自國旗、國徽代表色 Taken from the representative colors of the national flag and national emblem
曆法
National calendars
N/A N/A
官方語言
Official Languages
中文 Mandarin
臺語 Hokkien
客語 Hakka
N/A N/A

政治 Politic

經濟 Economy

請參見外傘頂洲 Caisancho Island

外傘頂洲東側與臺灣共享水域部分為東石潟湖,其因水域平靜而成為廣大的牡蠣養殖區,年產量約7000多公噸,供應臺灣50%的牡蠣產能,產值約新臺幣9億1000多萬元,不過外傘頂洲的養殖業多受臺灣掌控,本國獲益並不高。此外,外傘頂洲另一大產業為觀光業,據臺灣官方統計每年約有10萬人次到外傘頂洲觀光。

The part of the waters shared with Taiwan on the east side of Caisancho is the Dongshi Lagoon. Due to its calm waters, it has become a vast oyster breeding area. The annual output is about 7,000 metric tons, which supplies 50% of Taiwan’s oyster production capacity, with an output value of about NT$910 million. However, the aquaculture industry in Caisancho is mostly controlled by Taiwan, and the country’s benefits are not high. In addition, another major industry in Caisancho is tourism. According to official Taiwanese statistics, about 100,000 people visit Caisancho every year.

外交關係 Foreign Relations

外傘頂洲駐臺辦事處 Caisancho office in Taiwan

外傘頂洲共和國獨立至今未與任何國家建立正式外交關係,惟在臺灣設立非官方性質的外傘頂洲駐臺代表處。在單方面承認方面,截至2021年9月28日,外傘頂洲共和國共承認除中華人民共和國、阿富汗伊斯蘭大公國以及伊斯蘭國以外之所有聯合國會員國以及包含臺灣在內的16個國家。

另外在中國代表權問題上,外傘頂洲共和國不承認1927年所謂北伐後組建之中華民國,也不承認1949年後組建的中華人民共和國,而是1912年至1928年的中華民國(即北洋政府)。

Since its independence, the Republic of Caisancho has not established formal diplomatic relations with any country, but has established an unofficial Taiwanese representative office for Caisancho in Taiwan.In terms of unilateral recognition, as of September 28, 2021, Republic of Caisancho has recognized 16 countries including Taiwan and all United Nations member states except the People’s Republic of China, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, and the Islamic State.

In addition, on the issue of Chinese representation, the Republic of Caisancho does not recognize the Republic of China established after the so-called Northern Expedition in 1927, nor the People’s Republic of China established after 1949, but the Republic of China from 1912 to 1928 (the Beiyang government). .

外傘頂洲單方面承認之國家 Nations unilaterally recognized by Caisancho

外傘頂洲拒絕承認之實體 Recognition refused

人口 Population

國籍 Country 人數 Number of citizens
臺灣(福爾摩沙) Taiwan(Formosa) 4

外部連接 External links

註釋 References

  1. 關於文獻所指最早出現的地理名稱為清代的「象苓汕」,但傘狀島廓的出現最早可以考究至荷蘭人於1640年所繪製的福爾摩沙地圖 Regarding the earliest geographical name mentioned in the literature is "象苓汕 Xianglingshan" in the Qing Dynasty, the emergence of the umbrella-shaped island profile can be traced to the map of Formosa drawn by the Dutch in 1640.
  2. 華視新聞網 (2018-05-21). ""移動國土"外傘頂洲 5年後恐消失" (in 中文). 華視CTS. Archived from the original on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  3. 外傘頂洲共和國承認其為正統中國 Caisancho recognizes it as orthodox China
  4. 外傘頂洲共和國承認民主德國依然存在 Caisancho recognizes that GDR still exists